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Set up scheduled program cycles #24

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W1CDN merged 41 commits from program-cycle into main 2023-09-15 16:51:45 -05:00
Conversation 64 Commits 41 Files Changed 8 +608 -424
7 changed files with 608 additions and 424 deletions
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10
vulpes/platformio.ini
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@ -10,9 +10,6 @@
[env:esp32doit-devkit-v1]
platform = espressif32
;build_flags =
; -std=c++11
; -std=gnu++11
board = esp32doit-devkit-v1
framework = arduino
upload_speed = 921600
@ -23,10 +20,7 @@ lib_deps =
me-no-dev/AsyncTCP@^1.1.1
me-no-dev/ESP Async WebServer@^1.2.3
contrem/arduino-timer@^3.0.1
;kj7rrv/Telegraph@^1.0.0
jandelgado/JLed@^4.13.1
;adafruit/RTClib@^2.1.1
https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib.git ; >=2.1.2
https://github.com/adafruit/RTClib.git
adafruit/Adafruit BusIO@^1.14.3
;jchristensen/DS3232RTC@^2.0.1
erropix/ESP32 AnalogWrite@^0.2

17
vulpes/src/jled/README.md
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@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
# JLed morse example
This examples demonstrates an efficient method to generate morse code on
an micro controller like the Arduino.
The morse example uses the morse alphabet encoded in a binary tree to
generate morse code using a JLed user defined brightness class. The text
to be morsed is transformed into morse code and then transformed into a
sequence of `1` and `0` which are written out to a GPIO controlling a LED or
a sound generator.
![morse example](../../doc/morse.jpg)
## Author
Jan Delgado

53
vulpes/src/jled/bitset.h
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@ -1,53 +0,0 @@
// Copyright (c) 2019 Jan Delgado <jdelgado[at]gmx.net>
// https://github.com/jandelgado/jled
#ifndef EXAMPLES_MORSE_BITSET_H_
#define EXAMPLES_MORSE_BITSET_H_
// a simple bit set with capacity of N bits, just enough for the morse demo
class Bitset {
private:
size_t n_;
uint8_t* bits_;
protected:
// returns num bytes needed to store n bits.
static constexpr size_t num_bytes(size_t n) {
return n > 0 ? ((n - 1) >> 3) + 1 : 0;
}
public:
Bitset() : Bitset(0) {}
Bitset(const Bitset& b) : Bitset() { *this = b; }
explicit Bitset(size_t n) : n_(n), bits_{new uint8_t[num_bytes(n)]} {
memset(bits_, 0, num_bytes(n_));
}
Bitset& operator=(const Bitset& b) {
if (&b == this) return *this;
const auto size_new = num_bytes(b.n_);
if (num_bytes(n_) != size_new) {
delete[] bits_;
bits_ = new uint8_t[size_new];
n_ = b.n_;
}
memcpy(bits_, b.bits_, size_new);
return *this;
}
virtual ~Bitset() {
delete[] bits_;
bits_ = nullptr;
}
void set(size_t i, bool val) {
if (val)
bits_[i >> 3] |= (1 << (i & 7));
else
bits_[i >> 3] &= ~(1 << (i & 7));
}
bool test(size_t i) const { return (bits_[i >> 3] & (1 << (i & 7))) != 0; }
size_t size() const { return n_; }
};
#endif // EXAMPLES_MORSE_BITSET_H_

121
vulpes/src/jled/morse.h
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@ -1,121 +0,0 @@
// Copyright (c) 2019 Jan Delgado <jdelgado[at]gmx.net>
// https://github.com/jandelgado/jled
#include <Arduino.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include "bitset.h" // NOLINT
#ifndef EXAMPLES_MORSE_MORSE_H_
#define EXAMPLES_MORSE_MORSE_H_
// The Morse class converts a text sequence into a bit sequence representing
// a morse code sequence.
class Morse {
// pre-ordered tree of morse codes. Bit 1 = 'dah', 0 = 'dit'.
// Position in string corresponds to position in binary tree starting w/ 1
// see https://www.pocketmagic.net/morse-encoder/ for info on encoding
static constexpr auto LATIN =
"*ETIANMSURWDKGOHVF*L*PJBXCYZQ**54*3***2*******16*******7***8*90";
static constexpr auto DURATION_DIT = 1;
static constexpr auto DURATION_DAH = 3 * DURATION_DIT;
static constexpr auto DURATION_PAUSE_CHAR = DURATION_DAH;
static constexpr auto DURATION_PAUSE_WORD = 7 * DURATION_DIT;
protected:
char upper(char c) const { return c >= 'a' && c <= 'z' ? c - 32 : c; }
bool isspace(char c) const { return c == ' '; }
// returns position of char in morse tree. Count starts with 1, i.e.
// E=2, T=3, etc.
size_t treepos(char c) const {
auto i = 1u;
while (LATIN[i++] != c) {
}
return i;
}
// returns uint16_t with size of morse sequence (dit's and dah's) in MSB
// and the morse sequence in the LSB
uint16_t pos_to_morse_code(int code) const {
uint8_t res = 0;
uint8_t size = 0;
while (code > 1) {
size++;
res <<= 1;
res |= (code & 1);
code >>= 1;
}
return res | (size << 8);
}
template <typename F>
uint16_t iterate_sequence(const char* p, F f) const {
// call f(count,val) num times, incrementing count each time
// and returning num afterwards.
auto set = [](int num, int count, bool val, F f) -> int {
for (auto i = 0; i < num; i++) f(count + i, val);
return num;
};
auto bitcount = 0;
while (*p) {
const auto c = upper(*p++);
if (isspace(c)) { // space not part of alphabet, treat separately
bitcount += set(DURATION_PAUSE_WORD, bitcount, false, f);
continue;
}
const auto morse_code = pos_to_morse_code(treepos(upper(c)));
auto code = morse_code & 0xff; // dits (0) and dahs (1)
auto size = morse_code >> 8; // number of dits and dahs in code
while (size--) {
bitcount += set((code & 1) ? DURATION_DAH : DURATION_DIT,
bitcount, true, f);
// pause between symbols := 1 dit
if (size) {
bitcount += set(DURATION_DIT, bitcount, false, f);
}
code >>= 1;
}
if (*p && !isspace(*p)) {
bitcount += set(DURATION_PAUSE_CHAR, bitcount, false, f);
}
}
return bitcount;
}
public:
// returns ith bit of morse sequence
bool test(uint16_t i) const { return bits_->test(i); }
// length of complete morse sequence in in bits
size_t size() const { return bits_->size(); }
Morse() : bits_(new Bitset(0)) {}
explicit Morse(const char* s) {
const auto length = iterate_sequence(s, [](int, bool) -> void {});
auto bits = new Bitset(length);
iterate_sequence(s, [bits](int i, bool v) -> void { bits->set(i, v); });
bits_ = bits;
}
~Morse() { delete bits_; }
// make sure that the following, currently not needed, methods are not used
Morse(const Morse&m) {*this = m;}
Morse& operator=(const Morse&m) {
delete bits_;
bits_ = new Bitset(*m.bits_);
return *this;
}
private:
// stores morse bit sequence
const Bitset* bits_ = nullptr;
};
#endif // EXAMPLES_MORSE_MORSE_H_

321
vulpes/src/main.cpp
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@ -16,9 +16,7 @@
#include <AsyncTCP.h>
#include <SPIFFS.h>
#include <Preferences.h>
#include <arduino-timer.h>
#include <jled.h> // jled
#include "jled/morse.h" //jled
#include "morse.h"
#include <Adafruit_BusIO_Register.h> // for DS3231
#include <RTClib.h> // for DS3231
#include <string>
@ -28,6 +26,10 @@
AsyncWebServer server(80);
// Assign output variables to GPIO pins
const int keyer = 32; //LED_BUILTIN for on-board (dev);//26 for LED; //32 for transmitter keyer
const int blinker = LED_BUILTIN;
RTC_DS3231 rtc; // set up RTC
const int alarmPin = 4; // pin to monitor for RTC alarms
@ -61,9 +63,12 @@ bool programRunning;
int yourInputStepLength;
int yourInputCycleID;
int yourInputNtransmitters;
int step_length = 10000; // 10 secs
int cycle_id = 1; // number of this transmitter in cycle
int n_transmitters = 2; //number of transmitters total
//int step_length = 10000; // 10 secs
//int cycle_id = 1; // number of this transmitter in cycle
//int n_transmitters = 2; //number of transmitters total
long start_millis = 0;
long stop_millis = 0;
long pause_until_millis = 0;
// HTML web page to handle 3 input fields (inputString, inputSend, inputFloat)
const char index_html[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(
@ -166,21 +171,6 @@ const char index_html[] PROGMEM = R"rawliteral(
</script>
</body></html>)rawliteral";
// Assign output variables to GPIO pins
const int keyer = 32; //LED_BUILTIN for on-board (dev);//26 for LED; //32 for transmitter keyer
const int blinker = LED_BUILTIN;
// Timers
//auto timer = timer_create_default();
Timer<1> timer;
// Example from https://github.com/contrem/arduino-timer#examples
bool toggle_led(void *) {
//Serial.print("Timer time: ");
//Serial.println(rtc.now().timestamp());
digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, !digitalRead(LED_BUILTIN)); // toggle the LED
return true; // keep timer active? true
}
void notFound(AsyncWebServerRequest *request) {
request->send(404, "text/plain", "Not found");
@ -255,24 +245,10 @@ String processor(const String& var){
return String();
}
//jled from https://github.com/jandelgado/jled/blob/master/examples/morse/morse_effect.h
class MorseEffect : public jled::BrightnessEvaluator {
Morse morse_;
// duration of a single 'dit' in ms
const uint16_t speed_;
public:
explicit MorseEffect(const char* message, uint16_t speed = 200)
: morse_(message), speed_(speed) {}
uint8_t Eval(uint32_t t) const override {
const auto pos = t / speed_;
if (pos >= morse_.size()) return 0;
return morse_.test(pos) ? 255 : 0;
}
uint16_t Period() const override { return (morse_.size() + 1) * speed_; }
};
// Set up arduinomorse pin and default WPM
LEDMorseSender sender(blinker, 10.0f) ; // the 'f' makes sure this is a float
// TODO also for keyer once blinker works
// Speed is milliseconds per dit, which is 1000 * (60 / (50 * WPM))
// 60 is 20 wpm, 120 is 10 wpm, 90 is 15 wpm, etc.
@ -280,97 +256,6 @@ class MorseEffect : public jled::BrightnessEvaluator {
float wpm = 10;
float ms_per_dit = 1000 * (60 / (50 * wpm));
int word_space_ms = ms_per_dit * 7;
// Hardcoding messages and WPM for now, will come back and make it more flexible.
// Extra space at the end to get around https://github.com/jandelgado/jled/issues/122 on cycle mode
MorseEffect morseEffectTEST("TEST TEST TEST DE W1CDN", ms_per_dit);
MorseEffect morseEffectMOE("MOE", ms_per_dit);
MorseEffect morseEffectMOI("MOI", ms_per_dit);
MorseEffect morseEffectMOS("MOS", ms_per_dit);
MorseEffect morseEffectMOH("MOH", ms_per_dit);
MorseEffect morseEffectMO5("MO5", ms_per_dit);
// CW for keyer
auto morseTEST =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectTEST).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOE =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOE).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOI =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOI).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOS =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOS).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOH =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOH).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMO5 =
JLed(keyer).UserFunc(&morseEffectMO5).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseToSend = morseTEST; // set this up to overwrite later
// CW for blinker
auto morseTEST_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectTEST).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOE_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOE).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOI_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOI).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOS_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOS).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMOH_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectMOH).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseMO5_blink =
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morseEffectMO5).DelayAfter(word_space_ms).Forever();
auto morseToSend_blink = morseTEST_blink; // set this up to overwrite later
// Cycle stuff
auto morse_cycle = morseEffectMOS;
int period = morse_cycle.Period() + word_space_ms;
int repeats = step_length / period;
int remainder_wait = step_length - (period * repeats);
int total_wait = ((step_length * (n_transmitters - 1) + remainder_wait));
auto blinker_continuous = JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morse_cycle).Repeat(repeats).DelayAfter(word_space_ms);
auto blinker_continuous_wait = JLed(blinker).Off(total_wait);
JLed morses_blink[] = {
blinker_continuous,
blinker_continuous_wait
};
auto morses_sequence_blink = JLedSequence(JLedSequence::eMode::SEQUENCE, morses_blink);
JLedSequence* sequence = NULL;
JLedSequence* make_sequence(JLedSequence* seq, const char* message, int wpm, int step_length, int n_transmitters){
int ms_per_dit = 60;//1000 * (60 / (50 * wpm));
int word_space_ms = ms_per_dit * 7;
MorseEffect morse_effect(message, ms_per_dit);
int period = morse_effect.Period();
int repeats = 2;//step_length / period;
int remainder_wait = step_length - (period * repeats);
int total_wait = ((step_length * (n_transmitters - 1) + remainder_wait));
Serial.print("total_wait: "); Serial.println(total_wait);
JLed morses_blink[] = {
JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morse_effect).Repeat(repeats).DelayAfter(word_space_ms),
JLed(blinker).Off(total_wait)
};
if (seq){
delete seq;
//seq = new JLedSequence(JLedSequence::eMode::SEQUENCE, leds);
seq = new JLedSequence(JLedSequence::eMode::SEQUENCE, morses_blink);
}
return seq;
}
// Initial definition of the sequence
JLedSequence* morses_sequence_blink_test = make_sequence(sequence, "MOE", 10, 10000, 2);
//================================================================================
// start_program(): a function to start the planned program at the planned time
//================================================================================
// bool start_program(){
// Serial.println("The scheduled program has started.");
// startProgram = true;
// return false;
// }
//================================================================================
// setup(): stuff that only gets done once, after power up (KB1OIQ's description)
@ -378,7 +263,8 @@ JLedSequence* morses_sequence_blink_test = make_sequence(sequence, "MOE", 10, 10
void setup() {
Serial.begin(115200);
// Get arduinomorse ready to go
sender.setup();
pinMode(alarmPin, INPUT_PULLUP); // Set alarm pin as pullup
@ -411,10 +297,10 @@ void setup() {
// Initialize the output variables as outputs
pinMode(keyer, OUTPUT);
pinMode(blinker, OUTPUT);
//pinMode(blinker, OUTPUT);
// Set outputs to LOW
digitalWrite(keyer, LOW);
digitalWrite(blinker, LOW);
//digitalWrite(blinker, LOW);
// Initialize SPIFFS
SPIFFS.begin(true);
@ -441,23 +327,17 @@ void setup() {
// On restart, keep doing what you were doing before
yourInputMsg_old = yourInputMsg;
if(yourInputMsg == 0){
morseToSend = morseTEST;
morseToSend_blink = morseTEST_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("test test test de w1cdn "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 1){
morseToSend = morseMOE;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOE_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("moe "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 2){
morseToSend = morseMOI;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOI_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("moi "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 3){
morseToSend = morseMOS;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOS_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("mos "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 4){
morseToSend = morseMOH;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOH_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("moh "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 5){
morseToSend = morseMO5;
morseToSend_blink = morseMO5_blink;
sender.setMessage(String("mo5 "));
}
WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
@ -490,10 +370,11 @@ void setup() {
writeFile(SPIFFS, "/inputSend.txt", inputMessage.c_str());
yourInputSend = inputMessage.toInt();
// if not running a program, set the program running off
if(yourInputSend != 2){
//if(yourInputSend != 2){
// Cease all programs on new input
startProgram = false;
programRunning = false;
}
//}
}
// GET inputWPM value on <ESP_IP>/get?inputWPM=<inputMessage>
if (request->hasParam(PARAM_WPM)) {
@ -508,6 +389,21 @@ void setup() {
// save previous state
yourInputMsg_old = yourInputMsg;
yourInputMsg = inputMessage.toInt();
// Check the message every time the form is submitted.
if(yourInputMsg == 0){
sender.setMessage(String("test test test de w1cdn "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 1){
sender.setMessage(String("moe "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 2){
sender.setMessage(String("moi "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 3){
sender.setMessage(String("mos "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 4){
sender.setMessage(String("moh "));
} else if(yourInputMsg == 5){
sender.setMessage(String("mo5 "));
}
}
// GET inputStepLength value on <ESP_IP>/get?inputStepLength=<inputMessage>
if (request->hasParam(PARAM_STEPLENGTH)) {
@ -583,13 +479,6 @@ void setup() {
//}
Serial.println(yourInputStartTimeUnix);
// We can't use arduino-timer for starting a program because
// it relies on millis(), which reset on power cycle.
// timer.at(millis() + 10000, toggle_led);
// Serial.println(millis());
// auto active_tasks = timer.size();
// Serial.println(active_tasks);
// Use alarm built into RTC
rtc.setAlarm1(DateTime(yourInputStartTimeUnix), DS3231_A1_Date);
//rtc.setAlarm1(DateTime(2020, 6, 25, 15, 34, 0), DS3231_A2_Date);
@ -607,37 +496,26 @@ void setup() {
}
void loop() {
// Timers
timer.tick();
morses_sequence_blink_test->Forever().Update();
// See which message we are sending
// Only do this when the message has been updated.
if(yourInputMsg != yourInputMsg_old){
//morseToSend.Stop(JLed::eStopMode::FULL_OFF).Update();
if(yourInputMsg == 0){
morseToSend = morseTEST;
morseToSend_blink = morseTEST_blink;
} else if(yourInputMsg == 1){
morseToSend = morseMOE;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOE_blink;
} else if(yourInputMsg == 2){
morseToSend = morseMOI;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOI_blink;
} else if(yourInputMsg == 3){
morseToSend = morseMOS;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOS_blink;
} else if(yourInputMsg == 4){
morseToSend = morseMOH;
morseToSend_blink = morseMOH_blink;
} else if(yourInputMsg == 5){
morseToSend = morseMO5;
morseToSend_blink = morseMO5_blink;
}
// Keeps the key/led from locking up
yourInputMsg_old = yourInputMsg;
}
// if(yourInputMsg != yourInputMsg_old){
// if(yourInputMsg == 0){
// sender.setMessage(String("test test test de w1cdn "));
// } else if(yourInputMsg == 1){
// sender.setMessage(String("moe "));
// } else if(yourInputMsg == 2){
// sender.setMessage(String("moi "));
// } else if(yourInputMsg == 3){
// sender.setMessage(String("mos "));
// } else if(yourInputMsg == 4){
// sender.setMessage(String("moh "));
// } else if(yourInputMsg == 5){
// sender.setMessage(String("mo5 "));
// }
// // Keeps the key/led from locking up
// yourInputMsg_old = yourInputMsg;
// }
// This statement from https://github.com/garrysblog/DS3231-Alarm-With-Adafruit-RTClib-Library/blob/master/DS3231-RTClib-Adafruit-Alarm-Poll-alarmFired/DS3231-RTClib-Adafruit-Alarm-Poll-alarmFired.ino
// Check if alarm by polling SQW alarm pin
@ -655,58 +533,53 @@ void loop() {
// Once alarm has started the program, set things up to run
if(startProgram == true){
//auto morse_cycle = morseEffectMOS;
//int period = morse_cycle.Period() + word_space_ms;
//int repeats = step_length / period;
//int remainder_wait = step_length - (period * repeats);
//int total_wait = ((step_length * (n_transmitters - 1) + remainder_wait));
// Nothing makes it out of this scope...
// blinker_continuous = JLed(blinker).UserFunc(&morse_cycle).Repeat(repeats).DelayAfter(word_space_ms);
// blinker_continuous_wait = JLed(blinker).Off(total_wait);
// JLed morses_blink[] = {
// blinker_continuous,
// blinker_continuous_wait
// };
// auto morses_sequence_blink = JLedSequence(JLedSequence::eMode::SEQUENCE, morses_blink);
morses_sequence_blink.Forever().Update();
//Serial.println("Start sending");
start_millis = millis() + ((yourInputCycleID - 1) * yourInputStepLength);
stop_millis = start_millis + yourInputStepLength;
if(yourInputCycleID == 1){
pause_until_millis = stop_millis + (yourInputStepLength * (yourInputNtransmitters - 1));
} else {
// Subtract 2 rather than 1 here to account for start_millis duration at beginning of repeat.
pause_until_millis = stop_millis + (yourInputStepLength * (yourInputNtransmitters - 2));
}
//sender.startSending();
programRunning = true;
startProgram = false;
}
// if you want to send continuous code, and it's not sending, then start it up
if((yourInputSend == 1) & (morseToSend.IsRunning() == false)){
//jled
morseToSend.Reset().Update();
morseToSend_blink.Reset().Update();
// if you want to send continuous code, and it is sending, keep sending
} else if((yourInputSend == 1) & (morseToSend.IsRunning() == true)){
morseToSend.Update();
morseToSend_blink.Update();
// if you want to send cycle code and it is sending, keep sending
} else if((yourInputSend == 2) & (programRunning == true) &(morses_sequence_blink.Update() == true)){
morseToSend.Update();
//morseToSend_blink.Update();
morses_sequence_blink.Update();
if((yourInputSend == 1)){
if (!sender.continueSending()){
// Set the internal counters to the message's beginning.
// Here, this results in repeating the message indefinitely.
sender.startSending();
}
// if you want to send cycle code and it's not sending, then start it up
} else if((yourInputSend == 2) & (programRunning == true) & (morses_sequence_blink.Update() == false)){
morseToSend.Reset().Update();
//morseToSend_blink.Reset().Update();
morses_sequence_blink.Reset();
} else if((yourInputSend == 2) & (programRunning == true)){
if((millis() < start_millis)){
// Shut the pin off manually
digitalWrite(blinker, LOW);
} else if((millis() >= start_millis) & (millis() <= stop_millis)){
if (!sender.continueSending()){
// Set the internal counters to the message's beginning.
// Here, this results in repeating the message indefinitely.
sender.startSending();
}
} else if((millis() >= stop_millis) & (millis() <= pause_until_millis)){
// do nothing in this case -- in between cycles
// Shut the pin off manually
digitalWrite(blinker, LOW);
} else if((millis() >= pause_until_millis)){
startProgram = true;
}
// if the cycle program is not running
} else if((yourInputSend == 2) & (programRunning == false)){
morses_sequence_blink.Stop();
// do we need something here?
// if you don't want to send code
} else {
// stop sending and make sure the pin is off
morseToSend.Stop(JLed::eStopMode::FULL_OFF).Update();
morseToSend_blink.Stop(JLed::eStopMode::FULL_OFF).Update();
morses_sequence_blink.Stop();
} else if(yourInputSend == 0){
//sender.setMessage(String("")) ; // Not sure this is the right way to stop things.
// Shut the pin off manually
digitalWrite(blinker, LOW);
}
//morseToSend.Update();
}

232
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// Morse Code sending library
#include <morse.h>
// MorseSender
int MorseSender::copyTimings(
morseTiming_t *rawOut,
morseBitmask_t definition)
{
int t = 0;
boolean foundSentinel = false;
for(morseBitmask_t mask = MORSE_BITMASK_HIGH_BIT;
mask > 0; mask = mask >> 1)
{
boolean isDah = (mask & definition) > 0;
if(!foundSentinel)
{
if (isDah) { foundSentinel = true; }
continue;
}
rawOut[2*t] = isDah ? DAH : DIT;
rawOut[2*t + 1] = DIT;
t++;
}
return t;
}
unsigned int MorseSender::fillTimings(char c)
{
int t = 0;
unsigned int start = 0;
if (c >= 'a' && c <= 'z')
{
t = copyTimings(timingBuffer, MORSE_LETTERS[c-'a']);
}
else if (c >= '0' && c <= '9')
{
int n = c - '0';
boolean ditsFirst = (n <= 5);
if (!ditsFirst)
{
n -= 5;
}
while(t < 5)
{
timingBuffer[2*t] = ((t < n) == ditsFirst) ? DIT : DAH;
timingBuffer[2*t + 1] = DIT;
t++;
}
}
else
{
int s = 0;
while(MORSE_PUNCT_ETC[s].c != END)
{
if(MORSE_PUNCT_ETC[s].c == c)
{
t = copyTimings(timingBuffer,
MORSE_PUNCT_ETC[s].timing);
break;
}
s++;
}
if (MORSE_PUNCT_ETC[s].c == END)
{
start = t = 1; // start on a space
}
}
timingBuffer[2*t - 1] = DAH;
timingBuffer[2*t] = END;
/*
Serial.print("Refilled timing buffer for '");
Serial.print(c);
Serial.print("': ");
int i = start;
while(timingBuffer[i] != END)
{
Serial.print((int)timingBuffer[i]);
Serial.print(", ");
i++;
}
Serial.println("END");
*/
return start;
}
// see note in header about pure-virtual-ness
void MorseSender::setOn() {};
void MorseSender::setOff() {};
// noop defaults
void MorseSender::setReady() {};
void MorseSender::setComplete() {};
MorseSender::MorseSender(unsigned int outputPin, float wpm) :
pin(outputPin)
{
setWPM(wpm);
}
void MorseSender::setup() { pinMode(pin, OUTPUT); }
void MorseSender::setWPM(float wpm)
{
setSpeed((morseTiming_t)(1000.0*60.0/(max(1.0f, wpm)*DITS_PER_WORD)));
}
void MorseSender::setSpeed(morseTiming_t duration)
{
DIT = max(duration, (morseTiming_t) 1);
DAH = 3*DIT;
}
void MorseSender::setMessage(const String newMessage)
{
message = newMessage;
// Force startSending() before continueSending().
messageIndex = message.length();
// If a different message was in progress, make sure it stops cleanly.
if (timingIndex % 2 == 0) {
setOff();
}
}
void MorseSender::sendBlocking()
{
//Serial.println("Sending blocking: ");
//Serial.println(message);
startSending();
while(continueSending());
}
void MorseSender::startSending()
{
messageIndex = 0;
if (message.length() == 0) { return; }
timingIndex = fillTimings(message[0]);
setReady();
if (timingIndex % 2 == 0) {
setOn();
//Serial.print("Starting with on, duration=");
} else {
//Serial.print("Starting with off, duration=");
}
lastChangedMillis = millis();
//Serial.println((int)timingBuffer[timingIndex]);
}
boolean MorseSender::continueSending()
{
if(messageIndex >= message.length()) { return false; }
unsigned long elapsedMillis = millis() - lastChangedMillis;
if (elapsedMillis < timingBuffer[timingIndex]) { return true; }
timingIndex++;
if (timingBuffer[timingIndex] == END)
{
messageIndex++;
if(messageIndex >= message.length()) {
setOff();
setComplete();
return false;
}
timingIndex = fillTimings(message[messageIndex]);
}
lastChangedMillis += elapsedMillis;
//Serial.print("Next is ");
if (timingIndex % 2 == 0) {
//Serial.print("(on) ");
setOn();
} else {
//Serial.print("(off) ");
setOff();
}
//Serial.println((int)timingBuffer[timingIndex]);
return true;
}
void *MorseSender::operator new(size_t size) { return malloc(size); }
void MorseSender::operator delete(void* ptr) { if (ptr) free(ptr); }
// SpeakerMorseSender
// void SpeakerMorseSender::setOn() { tone(pin, frequency); }
// void SpeakerMorseSender::setOff() {
// if (carrFrequency == CARRIER_FREQUENCY_NONE) {
// noTone(pin);
// } else {
// tone(pin, carrFrequency);
// }
// }
// void SpeakerMorseSender::setReady() { setOff(); }
// void SpeakerMorseSender::setComplete() { noTone(pin); }
// SpeakerMorseSender::SpeakerMorseSender(
// int outputPin,
// unsigned int toneFrequency,
// unsigned int carrierFrequency,
// float wpm)
// : MorseSender(outputPin, wpm),
// frequency(toneFrequency),
// carrFrequency(carrierFrequency) {};
// LEDMorseSender
void LEDMorseSender::setOn() { digitalWrite(pin, activeLow ? LOW : HIGH); }
void LEDMorseSender::setOff() { digitalWrite(pin, activeLow ? HIGH : LOW); }
LEDMorseSender::LEDMorseSender(int outputPin, bool activeLow, float wpm)
: MorseSender(outputPin, wpm), activeLow(activeLow) {};
LEDMorseSender::LEDMorseSender(int outputPin, float wpm)
: MorseSender(outputPin, wpm), activeLow(false) {};
// PWMMorseSender
void PWMMorseSender::setOn() { analogWrite(pin, brightness); }
void PWMMorseSender::setOff() { analogWrite(pin, 0); }
void PWMMorseSender::setBrightness(byte bright) {
brightness = bright;
}
PWMMorseSender::PWMMorseSender(
int outputPin,
float wpm,
byte bright)
: MorseSender(outputPin, wpm), brightness(bright) {};

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#pragma once
/**
* Generate and send Morse Code on an LED or a speaker. Allow sending
* in a non-blocking manner (by calling a 'continue sending' method
* every so often to turn an LED on/off, or to call tone/noTone appropriately).
*
* All input should be lowercase. Prosigns (SK, KN, etc) have special
* character values #defined.
*
* See also:
* Morse decoder (using binary tree):
* http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1289074596/15
* Generator (on playground):
* http://www.arduino.cc/playground/Code/Morse
*/
// for malloc and free, for the new/delete operators
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <analogWrite.h>
// Arduino language types
#if defined(ARDUINO) && ARDUINO >= 100
#include "Arduino.h"
#else
#include "WProgram.h"
#endif
#define WPM_DEFAULT 12.0
// PARIS WPM measurement: 50; CODEX WPM measurement: 60 (Wikipedia:Morse_code)
#define DITS_PER_WORD 50
// Pass to SpeakerMorseSender as carrierFrequency to suppress the carrier.
#define CARRIER_FREQUENCY_NONE 0
// Bitmasks are 1 for dah and 0 for dit, in left-to-right order;
// the sequence proper begins after the first 1 (a sentinel).
// Credit for this scheme to Mark VandeWettering K6HX ( brainwagon.org ).
typedef unsigned int morseTiming_t;
typedef unsigned char morseBitmask_t; // see also MAX_TIMINGS
#define MORSE_BITMASK_HIGH_BIT B10000000
// sentinel
#define END 0
// the most timing numbers any unit will need; ex: k = on,off,on,off,on,end = 5
#define MAX_TIMINGS 15
// Punctuation and Prosigns
#define PROSIGN_SK 'S'
#define PROSIGN_KN 'K'
#define PROSIGN_BT 'B'
typedef struct {
char c;
morseBitmask_t timing;
} specialTiming;
const specialTiming MORSE_PUNCT_ETC[] = {
{'.', B1010101},
{'?', B1001100},
{'/', B110010},
{PROSIGN_SK, B1000101},
{PROSIGN_KN, B110110},
{PROSIGN_BT, B110001},
{END, B1},
};
// Morse Code (explicit declaration of letter timings)
const morseBitmask_t MORSE_LETTERS[26] = {
/* a */ B101,
/* b */ B11000,
/* c */ B11010,
/* d */ B1100,
/* e */ B10,
/* f */ B10010,
/* g */ B1110,
/* h */ B10000,
/* i */ B100,
/* j */ B10111,
/* k */ B1101,
/* l */ B10100,
/* m */ B111,
/* n */ B110,
/* o */ B1111,
/* p */ B10110,
/* q */ B11101,
/* r */ B1010,
/* s */ B1000,
/* t */ B11,
/* u */ B1001,
/* v */ B10001,
/* w */ B1011,
/* x */ B11001,
/* y */ B11011,
/* z */ B11100,
};
/**
* Define the logic of converting characters to on/off timing,
* and encapsulate the state of one sending-in-progress Morse message.
*
* Subclasses define setOn and setOff for (for example) LED and speaker output.
*/
class MorseSender {
protected:
const unsigned int pin;
// The setOn and setOff methods would be pure virtual,
// but that has compiler issues.
// See: http://www.arduino.cc/cgi-bin/yabb2/YaBB.pl?num=1167672075 .
/**
* Called to set put the output in 'on' state, during a dit or dah.
*/
virtual void setOn();
virtual void setOff();
/**
* Called before sending a message. Used for example to enable a
* carrier. (Noop in the base class.)
*/
virtual void setReady();
virtual void setComplete();
private:
morseTiming_t DIT, DAH;
String message;
// on,off,...,wait,0 list, millis
morseTiming_t timingBuffer[MAX_TIMINGS+1];
// index of the character currently being sent
unsigned int messageIndex;
// timing unit currently being sent
unsigned int timingIndex;
// when this timing unit was started
unsigned long lastChangedMillis;
/**
* Copy definition timings (on only) to raw timings (on/off).
* @return the number of 'on' timings copied
*/
int copyTimings(morseTiming_t *rawOut,
morseBitmask_t definition);
/**
* Fill a buffer with on,off,..,END timings (millis)
* @return the index at which to start within the new timing sequence
*/
unsigned int fillTimings(char c);
public:
/**
* Create a sender which will output to the given pin.
*/
MorseSender(unsigned int outputPin, float wpm=WPM_DEFAULT);
/**
* To be called during the Arduino setup(); set the pin as OUTPUT.
*/
void setup();
/**
* Set the words per minute (based on PARIS timing).
*/
void setWPM(float wpm);
/**
* Set the duration, in milliseconds, of a DIT.
*/
void setSpeed(morseTiming_t duration);
/**
* Set the message to be sent.
* This halts any sending in progress.
*/
void setMessage(const String newMessage);
/**
* Send the entirety of the current message before returning. See the "simple"
* example, which uses sendBlocking to send one message.
*/
void sendBlocking();
/**
* Prepare to send and begin sending the current message. After calling this,
* call continueSending repeatedly until it returns false to finish sending
* the message. See the "speeds" example, which calls startSending and
* continueSending on two different senders.
*/
void startSending();
/**
* Switch outputs on and off (and refill the internal timing buffer)
* as necessary to continue with the sending of the current message.
* This should be called every few milliseconds (at a significantly
* smaller interval than a DIT) to produce a legible fist.
*
* @see startSending, which must be called first
* @return false if sending is complete, otherwise true (keep sending)
*/
boolean continueSending();
void *operator new(size_t size);
void operator delete(void* ptr);
};
/**
* Adapt Morse sending to use the Arduino language tone() and noTone()
* functions, for use with a speaker.
*
* If a carrierFrequency is given, instead of calling noTone, call tone
* with a low frequency. This is useful ex. for maintaining radio links.
*/
class SpeakerMorseSender: public MorseSender {
private:
unsigned int frequency;
unsigned int carrFrequency;
protected:
virtual void setOn();
virtual void setOff();
virtual void setReady();
virtual void setComplete();
public:
// concert A = 440
// middle C = 261.626; higher octaves = 523.251, 1046.502
SpeakerMorseSender(
int outputPin,
unsigned int toneFrequency=1046,
unsigned int carrierFrequency=CARRIER_FREQUENCY_NONE,
float wpm=WPM_DEFAULT);
};
/**
* Sends Morse on a digital output pin.
*/
class LEDMorseSender: public MorseSender {
private:
bool activeLow;
protected:
virtual void setOn();
virtual void setOff();
public:
/**
* Creates a LED Morse code sender with the given GPIO pin. The optional
* boolean activeLow indicates LED is ON with digital LOW value.
* @param outputPin GPIO pin number
* @param activeLow set to true to indicate the LED ON with digital LOW value. default: false
* @param wpm words per minute, default: WPM_DEFAULT
*/
LEDMorseSender(int outputPin, bool activeLow = false, float wpm=WPM_DEFAULT);
/**
* Creates a LED Morse code sender with the given GPIO pin. This constructor is for backward compability.
* @param outputPin GPIO pin number
* @param wpm words per minute
*/
LEDMorseSender(int outputPin, float wpm);
};
/**
* Sends Morse on an analog output pin (using PWM). The brightness value is
* between 0 and 255 and is passed directly to analogWrite.
*/
class PWMMorseSender: public MorseSender {
private:
byte brightness;
protected:
virtual void setOn();
virtual void setOff();
public:
PWMMorseSender(int outputPin, float wpm=WPM_DEFAULT, byte brightness=255);
void setBrightness(byte brightness);
};